Tuesday 22 May 2012

Filming Vincent - 56 years of Van Gogh on Screen

As the trailer for BreakThru Film's upcoming Loving Vincent debuts at Cannes, we take a short look at earlier representations of the great artist on film.


BreakThru Films upcoming animation Loving Vincent
Lust for Life (1956)

Presented in splendid MGM Metrocolor, the first major adaptation of Vincent Van Gogh's tragic and tumultuous life stars Kirk Douglas as the artist tormented by his obsessive personality and eventually driven to suicide by an inability to realise his aesthetic ambitions. Lust for Life relies on the now unfashionable assumption that Van Gogh painted as he saw the world, that his paintings are intended to be accurate representations of a hallucinatory world which he was uniquely privilaged to. This view tends to work reductively against his achievements as a painter, suggesting as it does that his work is more the product of a fevered imagination than artistic skill.

Kirk Douglas makes for a dashing young artist
The film does have its strengths, however, Douglas is commanding as the tragic painter, and the film's warm and sometimes sickly colour palette is an excellent match for Van Gogh's style, and both the scenery and the many reproductions visible throughout the film look beautiful. 



Vincent (1987)

This US production, directed by Paul Cox, uses a vast range of images in a strange but moving documentary narrated by John Hurt. Making extensive use of Van Gogh's own diaries, Vincent tells the painter's story in his own words, and in combination with the startling and vivid visuals, the simple approach is remarkably powerful. Far less sensational than the MGM drama which preceded it, Vincent is indicative of Van Gogh's gradual movement into the centre of the global art canon.
The poster for Paul Cox's 1987 documentary
Illustrated with works created throughout Van Gogh's career, it also offers an opportunity to appreciate the development of his style, the labour he poured into finding his true direction in life and his struggles with poverty and the blank incomprehension and apathy of his peers, and the art world he at once despised and desperately sought entry to.

Vincent and Theo (1990)


A less well-known TV drama directed by Robert Altman, Vincent and Theo is notable for its concern with the wider Van Gogh family. Telling the story of the painter's brother, and the support he gave throughout his life, it is a stirring family drama that strips away a few of the layers of myth which had accumulated over the Dutch master in previous decades. Theo Van Gogh's own ambitions as an art dealer are dealt with, and the image of Vincent as a lone voice bellowing in the wilderness is dispelled.
To save money, art students were employed to paint many of the
film's numerous reproductions in their various states of completion
Tim Roth makes for an often despondent Vincent, while Paul Rhys excels as his beleaguered brother, whose life and home are gradually swallowed up supporting his brother's apparently directionless talent. A meditation on the conditions genius needs to prosper, Vincent and Theo is something of a neglected classic.

Vincent and the Doctor (Doctor Who) (2010)

Matt Smith's first series as the mysterious Time Lord took his TARDIS to the fields of Provence where, together with his companion Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) he encounters the artist at the height of his powers, but plagued by a vision of a strange beast that only he can see. Tony Curran is a superb Vincent, with shades of wicked humour to balance out his darker moments, particularly in his brief and unrequited passion for flame-haired Amy. There are shades of the 'magical eyes' trope last seen in Lust for Life, but the manner in which they are delivered, in a spectacular animation that sees the night sky morph in imitation of his most famous landscape, more than justifies it.

Vincent takes a trip in the TARDIS
Best of all is a time-bending finale in which Van Gogh finally gets to see the praise his art attracted years after his death, as the Doctor takes him on a trip to a modern museum where a present-day art-critic (Bill Nighy) unwittingly tells Van Gogh that he is regarded as 'the greatest painter of them all'. Richard Curtis penned this unashamed love-letter to the artist, and it's filled with beautiful images and highly intelligent writing.

Loving Vincent (coming soon...)

Loving Vincent is a spectacular animation composed of over 57,600 individual oil paintings. Every frame of the film has been hand painted in oils by a team of 30 painters, led by Polish painter-director Dorota Kobiela.

Famous images are brought to life in ground-breaking
painted animation
The story takes the form of a murder mystery and an exploration of Van Gogh's tortured imagination. More information is emerging all the time, but with the film in pre-production an early concept trailer has been released, revealing the incredible undulating style created by the pain-staking technique.





- Stewart Pringle


Monday 14 May 2012

Tim Allen - Interview with an Animator

BreakThru talks to animator extraordinaire Tim Allen about his life in animation, Tim Burton and his incredible work on Peter & The Wolf and Magic Piano.

Tim Allen on the set of Corpse Bride
- When did you first become interested in stop-motion animation? Were you interested in art as a child?

Yeah, I was always drawing, making models and reading comics. I think my earliest ambitions were to make comic strip cartoons along the lines of Garfield, and I copied this format with vampire and ghost characters. As a teenager I’d moved on to Batman and my dream had now progressed to drawing superheros (or maybe being one!). I opted out of conventional A-levels in favour of a 2 year Art Diploma, as we knew I was going down the road of an artistic career. At this stage, I honestly can say I hadn’t even considered you could animate for a living!  

Somewhat lost for what to do after my art course, I was looking at modelmaking degrees and accidently stumbled upon an animation degree. At this time Nightmare Before Christmas had recently come out in cinemas & the idea of working on something like that just blew me away. Cheesy as it sounds, it was a moment of complete certainty, a true calling. I looked around & found a very good stop motion course at Glamorgan University and my very first animated steps began...


- How did you first 'break into the industry'? Was there a particular project that helped solidify your interest into a career?

It was tough getting going and those that get a break shortly after college I think are the very lucky ones. As I graduated, the industry was just starting a quiet patch which was leaving lots of established professionals on the job hunt. I contacted & tried to visit pretty much every stop motion company in the UK. In retrospect it was good experience in that it taught me who was who in the stop motion world as I literally knocked on almost everyone’s door. I did a fair bit of work experience & trainee model making where I learned quite a bit about studio practise.

I guess I did the classic of casting my net wide and after 1 and a half years I finally made a catch! I was asked to come for an animation audition for Ealing Animation in London. I think I got the job for two reasons - I would work very hard to impress and I was cheap!

One of Tim's first jobs in animation came with the BBC's
fondly remembered stop-motion education show 'El Nombre'
It was a low budget educational programme called El Nombre and so long as we told the educational part properly we had some creative freedom within the rest of the episode. For months, my animation was mostly long drawn out shots of gerbils counting money, very slowly. Fortunately the characters were charming and I had some very interesting and challenging sequences to work on for the action parts of the story. I was one of only two animators on the show so had my fair share of variety and tricky animation. A junior animator wouldn’t normally get the difficult stuff, but they only had two of us to delegate to! After 8 months the series finished & I was looking for work again, but this time I had some half decent shots under my belt & could pretend I was a professional!


- How did your involvement with Tim Burton begin? Were you a fan of his work before you were recruited for Corpse Bride?

I’ve always had a huge appreciation for Nightmare Before Christmas as it was the project that inspired me into this business. I loved Tim’s visual style and to work on a giant set from a Nightmare or Corpse Bride movie felt like the ultimate career moment at that time. Back then the only place that made feature films was Aardman. They already had a full time animation crew in place, which left most other animators around the UK (myself included) working on children’s TV series. This meant that when Corpse Bride came along it was a big deal – a chance to work on a big Hollywood size Tim Burton movie! I’d now been animating children’s series for 6 years and this movie felt like the opportunity of a lifetime!

However my showreel was rejected, as was my second attempt and only 6 months later did my third showreel (I kept working on it and updating it) earn me an audition. I had to do a nerve-racking 3 day test, but this time around, I made the right impression. It didn’t end there of course as you need to continue earning the directors trust for him to delegate what sequences you get to animate.


- Can you describe what an average day is like for an animator? Do you specialise in one particular area of it or is there a lot of variety?

On a film you often get typecast and could spend most of your time with a handful of characters. On Corpse Bride I was mostly cast as Barkis the sinister psychopath for 6 months. On Magic Piano I developed how to animate the Flying Machine & spent a good 6 months pushing it to the limits! On children’s series & commercials you can get a lot of variety quickly which is great for learning your craft.

An average day? It always depends on the project and the company you’re working for. Each studio has slightly different working practices so I could answer differently for each production. Here’s a generalisation:
Tim worked extensively on bringing the villainous
Barkis Bittern to life in
Corpse Bride

As an animator my role tends to function like that of an actor in a live action film and I must be cast for the role. This is all based on what the director needs and I will work to his/her instructions to try and find the best way to approach the shot. From here I’ll plan the shot out with the camera crew to ensure I’ll be keeping the puppet in focus and making good use of the lighting. Next the model/puppet makers and riggers will help me with any details so that I can create the shot as close to the director’s needs as possible.

A quick note about time keeping: There’s normally pressure to get things done as quickly as possible (for understandable financial reasons!). In fact the key to making beautiful stop motion fast is all in the preparation time. It’s like struggling through an obstacle course when you’d be better off removing the obstacles and just sprinting to the finish line. You’ve got to take responsible decisions to get the balance right.

Once I start animating, you’re kind of on your own – for many many hours until the work is complete. You have to embrace & love the creative freedom to ‘perform’ your shot as a live action actor would. You have specific instructions that you need to get right but at the end of the day you’ll be relying heavily on your instincts. In truth you’re normally under pressure to get it done as quickly as possible!


- Could you tell us a little about your involvement with BreakThru Films? How was it working with Suzie on Peter and the Wolf?

I came onboard Peter & the Wolf about 2 months into the shoot and it was quite an exciting time in those early stages. I was the first animator to come over from outside Poland for the project. Suzie was great and had such a clear vision of how every detail should be. The challenge for me was being able to give her the detailed performance she needed in the limited time we had.

Initially Suzie was hoping I could do lots of work establishing the wolf, but the puppet wasn’t quite ready and I started working with Peter. She liked my close up acting work and basically I think most of my time was spent doing close-ups of Peter face. It was tricky as only the eyeballs could move and Suzie needed very specific emotional reactions from a completely static face! The shot that stands out in my memory is where Peter sees Duck, his childhood pet and closest companion, eaten alive right in front of him. Suzie asked for Peter to display utter shock, then overwhelming horror, followed by a shiver creeping up his spine, climaxing into trembling realisation. All this when the only facial movement I can get is moving the head and eyeballs!


- And what are your thoughts on The Flying Machine?

Oh quite simply it’s the most challenging project I’ve ever worked on! It wasn’t just because I was animation supervisor this time round, though certainly that in itself was an interesting new challenge. It wasn’t just that it was my first time shooting in 3D or that every action had to naturally sync with Chopin’s music. No the film had so many unbelievably ambitious but potentially beautiful sequences. To try and coordinate shots with thousands of flowers blowing in the wind, or epic long shots or the entire junk yard coming to life was complexity on a grand scale - and I didn’t even animate those pieces myself!

Most of my time in the studio was taken up trying to get a 2 metre high flying machine puppet to soar through the sky convincingly. It was a fascinating yet intimidating character/machine/force of nature (we called it all these and more!). We had a lot of practical hurdles to overcome (I sense I’m making a gross understatement here!) and it was really tough getting such a big complicated model to do what I wanted. I sometimes get more satisfaction seeing the shots before post production than after, the only reason being that you can see all the rigs moving that control it. Then you get a very real sense of what a technical accomplishment it was.

But the real beauty of the film was that Director Martin Clapp had worked so hard to make these sequences flow to the music and tell some beautiful moments. Each shot was utterly complex, but you knew it was justified and would be worth it. I’m very very proud of all we did on Magic Piano and feel lucky to have been so heavily involved with it.


- You've most recently completed work on Burton's Frankenweenie, can you tell us a little about the animation approach in this new film?

The cloth will come off Tim's work on
Frankenweenie when it's released this October
Well I can’t give too much about the film away yet, but again I’m really excited to be a part of this gem of a movie. It may initially look similar visually to Corpse Bride, but the animation is much more dynamic and lively. It really tested your timing as an animator. I did a lot of work with central characters Victor and his pet dog Sparky. This meant animating a four legged character who had to behave like a loveable but realistic dog. I looked at live action videos of real dogs regularly to try and get Sparky’s running and mannerisms accurate.


- Do you think there's a bright future for stop-motion animation, and if so, what can explain it's continued appeal?

It looks like we’re starting a golden age of stop motion now. There’s going to be a lot of films coming out of America, as well as several European ones on the cards soon. After a dry spell for children’s series, there’s suddenly many happening in the UK simultaneously. Aardman continue to keep as busy as ever too. We could be looking at 6-10 years rife with stop motion productions.

As for the appeal, I guess it’s the age old tangible quality, that you feel you can touch it and you can see it’s not perfect. I think people find a model set and a puppet very immersive. You can literally walk on that set and more easily imagine being in that world. We all had toys or dolls we had a close attachment to as children & perhaps puppets tap into this primal bond with our imagination.

It’s been such a blast working with so many different talented people and I feel so Iucky I found an art form I love and can earn a living from. I even went to Ray Harryhausen’s house recently to discuss stop motion techniques with him – I mean how cool is that?! It is not an easy career and won’t suit most people but there can be a lot of highlights. I’m trying to settle down more but there’s a lot of stuff tempting me right now. I believe even BreakThru Films aren’t done with stop motion...!

Tim’s website: www.TimAllenAnimation.co.uk

Follow Tim’s adventures in the world of stop motion on Twitter: @TimAnimation